A Discussion on Non-coking Coal Pricing Systems Adopted in Different Countries
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
The Effects of Volatile Materials of Non-coking Coal on the Reduction of Hematite
One of the most important methods to produce sponge iron is coal based reduction of iron ore. Direct reduction methods based on coal are being improved due to the abundance of coal sources and its lower cost in comparison with natural gas. Volatile materials in coal play an important role in the reduction of iron oxides. In this study, noncoking coal with high volatile materials from Iran and c...
متن کاملTHE EFFECT OF VOLATILE MATTER OF NON-COKING COAL ON THE REDUCTION OF IRON OXIDE AT NON-ISOTHERMAL CONDITION
The volatile matter of non-coking coal was used for the reduction of hematite in argon atmosphere at nonisothermal condition. A thermal gravimeter furnace enable to use an 80 mm-height crucible was designed for the experiments to measure the weight changes of about 10 grams samples. A two-layered array of coal and alumina and four-layered array of iron oxide, alumina, coal and alumina was u...
متن کاملthe effects of volatile materials of non-coking coal on the reduction of hematite
one of the most important methods to produce sponge iron is coal based reduction of iron ore. direct reduction methods based on coal are being improved due to the abundance of coal sources and its lower cost in comparison with natural gas. volatile materials in coal play an important role in the reduction of iron oxides. in this study, noncoking coal with high volatile materials from iran and c...
متن کاملA Discussion on Pricing Relational Data
There exists a growing market for structured data on the Internet today, and this motivates a theoretical study of how relational data should be priced. We advocate for a framework where the seller defines a pricing scheme, by essentially stipulating the price of some queries, and the buyer is allowed to purchase data expressed by any query they wish: the system will derive the price automatica...
متن کاملThe Layered Reduction of Hematite (Iron Oxide) Ore by Non-Coking Coal: The Effect of Calcium Carbonate on Reduction
Due to the abundance of the non-coking coal and limitations as well as the high costs of the natural gas, the present study examined the direct reduction of hematite (iron oxide) ore in the temperature range of 800-1000 °C by the non-coking coal volatiles. Approximately, 74.9% of the total amounts of volatiles and gases exit the coal up to 800°C. The onset temperature to exit volatiles from the...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers
سال: 2015
ISSN: 0256-0909,2395-3799
DOI: 10.1177/0256090915573615